Confessional Teachings on the Saints

 Around All Saints Day and All Souls Day, one finds many references to prayers for and to departed saints. Some Christians place great emphasis upon invoking the prayers of the faithful departed. However, confessional Lutherans maintain our traditional teachings which we consider agreeable to the Holy Scriptures and consistent with the best teachings of the ancient church.

First, let us consider Lutheran teachings about the role of the departed saints. In Article XXI.1-5 of the Augsburg Confession, it is said that our churches teach that the faith and examples of the saints may be honored and followed according to our callings in life. However, we are not to invoke the saints or call upon them for help. Such a practice is not taught in Scripture, and it contradicts biblical teachings that Jesus Christ is our Mediator and Advocate. Furthermore, regardless of the intentions of the practitioners, the cult of the saints has an inherent tendency to violate the first commandment against idolatry.

Secondly, let us consider Lutheran teachings about prayers for the departed in Article XXIV.94-96 of the Apology of the Augsburg Confession. The Lutheran Confessions do not reject prayers for the departed as an expression of affection and honor. However, we do reject turning the Eucharist or Lord's Supper into some sort of meritorious or propitiatory sacrifice for the souls of the departed. Furthermore, in many places, particularly in Article XII.15 of the Apology, Lutherans strongly reject indulgences supposedly applied to the dead. (By the way, although Roman Catholic theory and practice have been reformed over the years, indulgences are still significant.)

In summary, regarding the faithful departed. Lutheran doctrine and practice seek to follow Scripture and to maintain the best of the ancient catholic tradition. We respect those who have preceded us in faith, we seek to follow their good qualities, and we ask divine mercy upon the whole church of God, living and departed. However, we also seek to avoid unbiblical abuses which tend to creep into human practices, May God keep us strong in Christ-centered faith!